195 lines
8.4 KiB
Python
195 lines
8.4 KiB
Python
#!/usr/bin/env python3
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"""Dessine schemas/schema_electrique.svg : schéma de la maquette 3 x 3,
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avec les symboles normalisés (résistances rectangulaires) et des fils colorés.
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Usage : python3 outils/schema_electrique.py schemas/schema_electrique.svg"""
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import sys
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ROUGE, VERT, BLEU = "#d62828", "#2a9d3a", "#2f6fc4"
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TEINTE = {ROUGE: "#fbd5d5", VERT: "#d3f0d8", BLEU: "#d6e3f7"}
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LIGNE, BASE, MASSE, TEXTE = "#3a3a3a", "#c98a00", "#222222", "#333333"
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LX = [170, 370, 570] # x de la diode rouge de chaque colonne
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LY = [330, 480, 630] # y des anodes de chaque ligne
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DX = 48 # écart entre les diodes R, G, B d'une LED
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COULEURS = [("R", ROUGE, "220 Ω"), ("G", VERT, "150 Ω"), ("B", BLEU, "150 Ω")]
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XT = 790 # centre des transistors
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XD = {0: 900, 1: 930, 2: 960} # descentes D11, D12, D13
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X_GND = 1000
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Y_PIN = 170 # bas du bloc Arduino
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out = []
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A = out.append
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def ligne(x1, y1, x2, y2, c, w=2.2):
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A(f'<line x1="{x1}" y1="{y1}" x2="{x2}" y2="{y2}" stroke="{c}" stroke-width="{w}" '
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f'stroke-linecap="round"/>')
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def chemin(d, c, w=2.2):
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A(f'<path d="{d}" fill="none" stroke="{c}" stroke-width="{w}" stroke-linecap="round" '
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f'stroke-linejoin="round"/>')
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def point(x, y, c):
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A(f'<circle cx="{x}" cy="{y}" r="4" fill="{c}"/>')
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def texte(x, y, s, taille=13, ancre="middle", c=TEXTE, gras=False, rot=None, italique=False):
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tr = f' transform="rotate({rot} {x} {y})"' if rot else ""
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A(f'<text x="{x}" y="{y}" font-size="{taille}" text-anchor="{ancre}" fill="{c}"'
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f'{" font-weight=\"bold\"" if gras else ""}{" font-style=\"italic\"" if italique else ""}'
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f'{tr}>{s}</text>')
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def resistance_v(x, y1, y2, c, valeur):
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"""Résistance verticale entre y1 et y2 (rectangle de 50 px au milieu)."""
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m = (y1 + y2) / 2
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ligne(x, y1, x, m - 25, c)
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ligne(x, m + 25, x, y2, c)
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A(f'<rect x="{x - 7}" y="{m - 25}" width="14" height="50" rx="2" fill="#fff" '
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f'stroke="{c}" stroke-width="2.2"/>')
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texte(x + 19, m, valeur, 12, c=c, rot=-90)
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def resistance_h(x1, x2, y, c, valeur):
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m = (x1 + x2) / 2
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ligne(x1, y, m - 25, y, c)
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ligne(m + 25, y, x2, y, c)
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A(f'<rect x="{m - 25}" y="{y - 7}" width="50" height="14" rx="2" fill="#fff" '
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f'stroke="{c}" stroke-width="2.2"/>')
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texte(m, y - 13, valeur, 12, c=c)
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def diode(x, ya, c):
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"""Diode verticale : anode en haut (ya), cathode en bas (ya + 32)."""
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ligne(x, ya, x, ya + 8, c)
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A(f'<path d="M{x - 9} {ya + 8} L{x + 9} {ya + 8} L{x} {ya + 22} Z" fill="{TEINTE[c]}" '
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f'stroke="{c}" stroke-width="2" stroke-linejoin="round"/>')
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ligne(x - 9, ya + 22, x + 9, ya + 22, c, 2.4)
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ligne(x, ya + 22, x, ya + 32, LIGNE)
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for dy in (0, 7): # lumière émise
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x1, y1, x2, y2 = x + 9, ya + 15 + dy, x + 18, ya + 6 + dy
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ligne(x1, y1, x2, y2, c, 1.4)
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A(f'<path d="M{x2} {y2} l-5 1 l4 4 Z" fill="{c}"/>')
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def masse(x, y):
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ligne(x - 11, y, x + 11, y, MASSE, 2.4)
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ligne(x - 7, y + 5, x + 7, y + 5, MASSE, 2.4)
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ligne(x - 3, y + 10, x + 3, y + 10, MASSE, 2.4)
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def transistor(r, yt):
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"""NPN dessiné en miroir : base à droite, collecteur en haut à gauche,
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émetteur en bas à gauche (vers la masse)."""
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xb = XT + 8
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A(f'<circle cx="{XT - 1}" cy="{yt}" r="25" fill="#fafafa" stroke="{TEXTE}" stroke-width="1.6"/>')
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ligne(xb, yt - 13, xb, yt + 13, TEXTE, 3)
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ligne(xb, yt - 6, XT - 12, yt - 20, LIGNE) # collecteur
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ligne(xb, yt + 6, XT - 12, yt + 20, MASSE) # émetteur
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A(f'<path d="M{XT - 12} {yt + 20} l3 -9 l5 7 Z" fill="{MASSE}"/>')
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ligne(xb, yt, XT + 40, yt, BASE) # base
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texte(XT - 44, yt - 2, f"T{r}", 14, gras=True)
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texte(XT - 44, yt + 14, "BC337", 11, c="#666")
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texte(XT + 22, yt + 18, "B", 10, c="#888")
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texte(XT - 22, yt - 26, "C", 10, c="#888")
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texte(XT - 26, yt + 28, "E", 10, c="#888")
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W, H = 1080, 970
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A(f'<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="{W}" height="{H}" viewBox="0 0 {W} {H}" '
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f'font-family="Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif">')
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A('<title>Schéma électrique de la maquette 3 x 3</title>')
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A(f'<rect width="{W}" height="{H}" fill="#ffffff"/>')
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texte(40, 38, "Maquette 3 × 3 : schéma électrique", 22, "start", "#111", True)
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texte(40, 60, "9 LED RGB à cathode commune, allumées ligne par ligne (multiplexage)",
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14, "start", "#666")
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# ---------------------------------------------------------------- Arduino
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A(f'<rect x="100" y="80" width="930" height="{Y_PIN - 80}" rx="10" fill="#e8f4f5" '
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f'stroke="#00878f" stroke-width="2.4"/>')
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texte(565, 112, "Arduino Uno", 20, gras=True, c="#00666d")
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texte(565, 132, "alimenté par le câble USB", 12, c="#4d8f94")
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broches = {}
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for c in range(3):
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for k, (_, coul, _) in enumerate(COULEURS):
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broches[f"D{2 + 3 * c + k}"] = (LX[c] + DX * k - 22, coul)
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for r in range(3):
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broches[f"D{11 + r}"] = (XD[r], BASE)
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broches["GND"] = (X_GND, MASSE)
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for nom, (x, coul) in broches.items():
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ligne(x, Y_PIN, x, Y_PIN + 20, coul)
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texte(x, Y_PIN - 10, nom, 12, gras=True, c=coul if coul != BASE else "#9a6a00")
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masse(X_GND, Y_PIN + 20)
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# ---------------------------------------------------------------- colonnes (anodes)
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for c in range(3):
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for k, (_, coul, val) in enumerate(COULEURS):
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xb = LX[c] + DX * k - 22
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resistance_v(xb, Y_PIN + 20, 265, coul, val)
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y_fin = LY[2] - 12
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ligne(xb, 265, xb, y_fin, coul)
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for r in range(3):
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xd, ys = LX[c] + DX * k, LY[r] - 12
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chemin(f"M{xb} {ys} H{xd} V{LY[r]}", coul)
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if r < 2:
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point(xb, ys, coul)
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texte(LX[c] + DX, LY[2] + 100, f"colonne {c}", 14, c="#555", gras=True)
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# ---------------------------------------------------------------- LED
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for r in range(3):
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for c in range(3):
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x0 = LX[c]
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A(f'<rect x="{x0 - 14}" y="{LY[r] - 4}" width="{2 * DX + 28}" height="40" rx="8" '
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f'fill="#f2f2f2"/>')
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texte(x0 + DX + 2, LY[r] - 22, f"L{r}C{c}", 11, c="#888", gras=True)
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for r in range(3):
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for c in range(3):
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for k, (_, coul, _) in enumerate(COULEURS):
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diode(LX[c] + DX * k, LY[r], coul)
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# ---------------------------------------------------------------- lignes (cathodes)
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bus_x = sorted(LX[c] + DX * k - 22 for c in range(3) for k in range(3))
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for r in range(3):
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y = LY[r] + 60
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for c in range(3):
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for k in range(3):
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xd = LX[c] + DX * k
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ligne(xd, LY[r] + 32, xd, y, LIGNE)
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if not (c == 0 and k == 0):
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point(xd, y, LIGNE)
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# ligne horizontale avec des « ponts » là où elle croise une colonne
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d = f"M{LX[0]} {y}"
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if r < 2:
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for xb in bus_x:
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if LX[0] < xb < XT - 12:
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d += f" H{xb - 6} a6 6 0 0 1 12 0"
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d += f" H{XT - 12} V{y + 40 - 20}"
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chemin(d, LIGNE)
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texte(XT - 56, y - 8, f"ligne {r}", 13, "end", c="#555", gras=True)
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yt = y + 40
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transistor(r, yt)
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ligne(XT - 12, yt + 20, XT - 12, yt + 36, MASSE)
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masse(XT - 12, yt + 36)
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resistance_h(XT + 40, XD[r], yt, BASE, "1 kΩ")
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ligne(XD[r], yt, XD[r], Y_PIN + 20, BASE)
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# ---------------------------------------------------------------- légende
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ly = 840
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A(f'<rect x="40" y="{ly - 26}" width="{W - 80}" height="136" rx="10" fill="#fafafa" stroke="#e2e2e2"/>')
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texte(60, ly, "Légende", 15, "start", "#111", True)
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items = [
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(lambda x, y: (ligne(x, y, x + 30, y, ROUGE), ligne(x + 34, y, x + 64, y, VERT),
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ligne(x + 68, y, x + 98, y, BLEU)),
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"colonnes : anodes R, G, B (D2 à D10)"),
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(lambda x, y: ligne(x, y, x + 98, y, LIGNE), "lignes : cathodes communes"),
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(lambda x, y: ligne(x, y, x + 98, y, BASE), "commande des lignes (D11 à D13)"),
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(lambda x, y: masse(x + 49, y - 6), "masse (GND) : symboles tous reliés"),
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(lambda x, y: point(x + 49, y, LIGNE), "point = fils connectés"),
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(lambda x, y: chemin(f"M{x} {y} H{x + 43} a6 6 0 0 1 12 0 H{x + 98}", LIGNE),
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"pont = croisement sans contact"),
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]
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for i, (dessin, legende) in enumerate(items):
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col, lig = i % 3, i // 3
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x, y = (60, 400, 700)[col], ly + 30 + lig * 32
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dessin(x, y)
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texte(x + 110, y + 4, legende, 12, "start")
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texte(60, ly + 98, "Un pixel s'allume quand sa ligne est active (D11, D12 ou D13 à HIGH : le "
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"transistor relie les cathodes à la masse) et que sa couleur l'est aussi (D2 à D10).",
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12, "start", "#555", italique=True)
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A("</svg>")
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with open(sys.argv[1], "w") as f:
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f.write("\n".join(out))
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